We haven't just landed on Mars.

Feb 22, 2015 11:42 AM

kenesisiscool

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I have never seen this on Imgur before.

This is the Probe Venera 9 a U.S.S.R probe that was the first probe EVER to send back pictures of the planet Venus!

The probe was launched on June 8th, 1975.

These are some of the photos that Venera 9 took

On October 20th, 1975 the probe separated from its orbital counterpart and made Venus-fall.

Only one of its' cameras was working after touchdown, so this was all that it could take.

This is Venera 9's younger sister Venera 10

Actually this is just a museum model, but you get the gist.

She was launched from Earth on June 14th, 1975. Only six days after Venera 9

The top is from Venera 9 and the bottom is from Venera 10

On October 23rd, 1975 Venera 19 seperated from its orbital soulmate and descended into the eternal embrace of the goddess herself.

Like Venera 9, Venera 10 had some issues after Venus-fall. Mainly in that only one of it's cameras were able to capture any photographs. Unfortunately due to the angle that the craft landed at it was unable to take any good pictures.

While this is a photo of Venera 14 both Venera 13 and 14 were Identical

Venera 13 launched from Planet Earth on October 30th, 1981
Venera 14 Launched from Planet Earth on November 4th, 1981

As you can see in the picture the probes were built to be thick and insulative to protect the fragile data components from the extreme heat and pressure of the planet for as long as possible.

Both of these photos are from Venera 14

Venera 14 made Venus-Fall on March 5th, 1982

Unfortunately due to an error (of some kind) when the lens cap ejected for the probe to take pictures, it landed right under where the soil compression tester was going to take samples. So no data was able to be recovered from the soil compressor.

And these two beautiful pictures are from the Venera 13

Venera 13 seperated from it's orbital cradle on March 1st, 1982

Venera 13 was arguably the most successful of the Venera probes. These photos are the only horizon shots (that I know of) of Venus!

These colour photos were made by an American researcher Don P. Mitchell at a later date

The Venera probes helped scientist learn most of what is known about our planets hot and bothered little sister.

I just thought you guys would like this.

You can find out lots more at various space information websites, but for now I will just link you to wikipedia.

Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera

Enjoy

I find your lack of zoom disturbing.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

THis is fucking awesome

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

I painted Venus in grad school a few years back! Still obsessed with it! http://imgur.com/qZVGlMF

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

We also sent balloons to Venus.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Superior Soviet technology

11 years ago | Likes 11 Dislikes 2

Guys you are looking at an actual color photo of the surface of Venus! This is beyond awesome!

11 years ago | Likes 7 Dislikes 1

Looking at *THE* actual color photos of Venus. Since your probes start melting before they even land, its just not worth going back yet :/

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Still not as cool as the Venus Probe from Six Million Dollar Man

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Thank you.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

You are welcome. (P.S. I updated it to be more expansive)

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Science upvote! I really like the color photos.

11 years ago | Likes 52 Dislikes 0

Agreed. This is rocking. Really astonishing to see things that humanity aspires to reach with our own hands..

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

So many "it's" instead of "its." The horror!

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

I was very tired, I may fix it at a later date.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Actually, all the cameras worked. They just don't want us to sww what they discovered. #themoonlandingwasfake

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

Yes, this is my bad attempt at a joke.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

You could carbonate water by exposing it to the atmosphere...it would also take on some sulfuric acid, but oh well....

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

So it would become mountain dew?

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

They send huge metal balls through space but cant manage to get me a fucking chicken mc nugget when i really need one... Thanks obama

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

I like this very much, thank you.

11 years ago | Likes 19 Dislikes 1

You are very welcome!

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

Lol hot and bothered little sis.

11 years ago | Likes 10 Dislikes 0

is it just me. or does those last pictures say apocalypse or what?

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Is the sky supposed to turn yellow in the Norse iteration of the end of all days?

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

This doesn't look very much like the way C.S. Lewis described it.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Try reading Edgar Rice Burroughs. He wrote about Mars, still, it's much closer than Narnia.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Wasn't referring to Narnia. Lewis wrote a Sci-fi Series and the 2nd book, Perelandra, was about venus. Will check out Burroughs tho, thanks!

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Brilliant post op!

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

Thank you! I am glad you enjoyed it!

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

Venus is literally planet hell.

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

That is a Dalek op and you can't convince me otherwise

11 years ago | Likes 12 Dislikes 2

Really convenient that it only had one working camera when it landed.....what a coincidence.....

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

EXPLAIN!! EXPLAIN!!

11 years ago | Likes 10 Dislikes 0

Bothered little sister HAA!

11 years ago | Likes 31 Dislikes 2

I threw that one in to check if people were reading. ^.^

11 years ago | Likes 6 Dislikes 0

There are dozens of us! Dozens!

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

I want to know what shirts the scientists were wearing!!

11 years ago | Likes 127 Dislikes 6

RUN BITCH RUN!

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

This should have more upvotes! Clever.

11 years ago | Likes 14 Dislikes 3

This comment really made the grade

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

and it's time to leave the capsule if you dare

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

"The people of Venus need to really get on that global warming thing. The air looks practically toxic!" --Ken M. probably

11 years ago | Likes 98 Dislikes 3

Nice

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Sick reference

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

I forgot.. where can one read more comments form Ken M?

11 years ago | Likes 7 Dislikes 0

I have an exam tomorrow, but I guess studying can wait...

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

Venera-14 had an instrument to measure surface hardness. When deployed, it landed on the discarded lenscap and measured that instead.

11 years ago | Likes 20 Dislikes 0

Upvotes for this briliant accident. Wanted to post the same thing, but it was already here. :)

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

I added in that factoid to the post. (I can mention you if you like)

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

Has any country sent a probe to Uranus yet?

11 years ago | Likes 27 Dislikes 4

( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

The aliens are taking care of that.

11 years ago | Likes 22 Dislikes 1

Innuendo aside, Uranus is basically a giant slushie. You can't "land" there in any meaningful sense, just sink slowly.

11 years ago | Likes 9 Dislikes 0

Aside Innuendo aside, you made some amazing Innuendo right there!

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

A flyby or two, but its just not an interesting place. Jupiter has the storm and much more interesting moons, and Saturn has those rings.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Don't know if you asked just for the joke, but Voyager 2 made a flyby of Uranus and that's all.

11 years ago | Likes 13 Dislikes 0

It also doesn't look like a probe for Uranus is going to happen anytime soon.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

There is actually one in the works. A probe to the planet, not OP's anus.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Good, I am very protective of that particular orifice.

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

As an aerospace engineer choosing the space path, this is AWESOME

11 years ago | Likes 422 Dislikes 5

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[deleted]

11 years ago (deleted Jul 29, 2025 12:52 PM) | Likes 0 Dislikes 0

As a human, I agree!

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

As a Martian parasite waiting for a host to land on my planet, this is awesome!

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

As a maintenance tech at CCAFS welcome aboard... this career is the best!

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

As a random person browsing Imgur - GO BUILD'EM TIGER!!!

11 years ago | Likes 16 Dislikes 0

As a robotics engineer, this is awesome! My stuff is headed into Earth's oceans though.

11 years ago | Likes 11 Dislikes 2

Me to! It was ment to be in low Earth orbit, but whatever.

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

Mine might eventually find yours... I'm going intentionally.

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

As a mechanical engineering and physics major, this makes me soo happy!!

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Me to! Need any manufacturing in Space?

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Glad to hear you enjoyed it.

11 years ago | Likes 57 Dislikes 1

Me too! Graduating this May!

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

awesome but hard af. btw, i'm an aerospace engineer too. *high five*

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

As an electrical engineer choosing the space path, this is awsome.

11 years ago | Likes 8 Dislikes 0

Do aerospace engineers get to choose from a talent tree as they level up too?

11 years ago | Likes 6 Dislikes 1

There's Aeronautics and Astronautics under aerospace engineering mostly the same for the first two years.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Can you tell me how hard school was for aerospace engineering? I feel like it might be too late for me to start such a daunting degree.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

I'll be 30 in September.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

wooh, me too. Where'd you graduate from?

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Thats an interesting build. Have you considered multiclassing?

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

What school?

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 1

As a astronomy-oriented physicist, I agree!

11 years ago | Likes 17 Dislikes 3

astronomy-oriented physicist, or Kerbal Space Program player?

11 years ago | Likes 9 Dislikes 0

...I'm in my last year of undergrad in my physics program, smartass.

11 years ago | Likes 6 Dislikes 3

I kid, I kid.

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

I get the joke, of course. But I'm legitimately in school for physics AND I'm a prickly sort. XD

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 1

As an English major, this is AWESOME

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 1

[deleted]

[deleted]

11 years ago (deleted Mar 3, 2015 3:43 AM) | Likes 0 Dislikes 0

Better than studying something I hate in college to get a job I'll hate afterward

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

As a Linguistics major, this is AWESOME

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 1

I wonder if there are any Russian going around telling anyone who will listen that this was faked by the government?

11 years ago | Likes 231 Dislikes 4

damn sheeple. the 9/11 truthers are growing in number. widespread even in australia. doubt in moon landing etc. WTF?? they normal people too

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 7

They're all put in gulags.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Russian jet fuel CAN melt inferior capitalist american steel beam.

11 years ago | Likes 46 Dislikes 1

Crazy is not limited by national borders, I can guarantee there's some Russians who believe these were faked.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 1

Blood for oil man , blood for oil, fucking Eichmanns everywhere man , it's all a conspiracy.

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 1

IIRC they've got more pressing issues right now (see conflict with Ukraine)

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 5

Chernobyle was an inside job.

11 years ago | Likes 14 Dislikes 0

It all makes sense now.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

but it was. Not in the sense they mean. Safety drill gone bad cause they're cheap and all.

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

it feels like at this rate soon we'll be having to contend with "are we really sure the earth revolves around sun?"

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 2

That Muslim Cleric the other day is already heading down that path!

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

"In Russia, stee-el melts jet fyoo-el"

11 years ago | Likes 7 Dislikes 1

I haven't heard any. That said, I didn't know we had a probe on Venus. I'm stunned we weren't taught this in school. It was always Gagarin.

11 years ago | Likes 8 Dislikes 0

I don't know about that, but there is quite a lot that the world doesn't know about the Venera Missions. The Soviets were very secretive.

11 years ago | Likes 90 Dislikes 0

Well it was the KGB that started that conspiracy theory among others. Like http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_INFEKTION

11 years ago | Likes 7 Dislikes 0

In a parallel version of earth the USSR and the US combined efforts and we now have a colony on Mars! :)

11 years ago | Likes 38 Dislikes 3

or maybe nazis and jap won WWII and travel intrastellar on daily basis?

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

I'm more amused by the parallel world where the Soviets have a base on Venus and the Americans have a base on Mars.

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

Earth abandoned and radioactive, just these two planets trading sorties, playing interplanetary battleships as they try to hit each other.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Then you've also got the Nazis on the moon. And whenever any of the three orbits pass by each other, they just start shooting.

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

I bet the space programs would have loved to cooperate. The scientists were in it for the science, not the bureaucracy.

11 years ago | Likes 20 Dislikes 0

There actually is a movement to establish a colony on Mars, starting 2024. Not a joke. http://www.mars-one.com

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Their timetable is wildly optimistic and their funding model seems flaky. It smells like a scam, honestly. :/

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

I agree. I read the website and couldn't bring myself to trust a single word.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Yea, but that universe's Scarlett Johansen is kind of fat, so no thank you.

11 years ago | Likes 44 Dislikes 2

How about hell yeah, I never saw her as attractive anyways.

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 3

Kind of fat? Pssh...still would.

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 1

Also: Venutian atmo- is around 150 times heavier that of earth and the temperature is 870°F (465°C). No probe lasted longer than two hours.

11 years ago | Likes 1095 Dislikes 3

And then the traveler came and made Venus habitable for us.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

You know? that also means that those last 2 pictures represent millions and millions of dollars and thousands of hours manpower. pretty cool

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

Venus be like that piece of pizza that you microwaved for 4 minutes and you shove it in your mouth.

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

Because of the density, the atmosphere acts more like an ocean on the surface where tiny gusts pick up dust like strong winds on Earth.

11 years ago | Likes 7 Dislikes 0

http://media.giphy.com/media/10TK8lHXtkPo1q/giphy.gif . Nice post though , have an upvote.

11 years ago | Likes 9 Dislikes 5

That atmo is so dense, those landers didnt use parachutes or rockets for the last leg - they just soft landed on their own.

11 years ago | Likes 25 Dislikes 0

Yep, they were equipped with "Crush Rings" designed to dampen the impact.

11 years ago | Likes 15 Dislikes 0

Seeing as one's lasted upwards of 2 hours, I'd totally want to send a probe with the express purpose of returning about an hour later (1/2)

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

to Earth just to say we can. (2/2)

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

That top/bottom photo, both are captioned BEHEPA-14 (Venera-14) and the photo on Wikipedia states both are from V-14, not V-9 and V-10.

11 years ago | Likes 15 Dislikes 0

OP is a big fat phony

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Fixed ti.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

*it.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

And because it's so dense, the air at the surface actually acts like a supercritical fluid instead of a regular gas!

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

*Venereal atmo

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

They should send an AC to cool it down..

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

It's also heavily corrosive and ate through the metal plating of the probes in a few hours

11 years ago | Likes 34 Dislikes 1

That wasn't a serious hindrance, though - the probes had very limited battery power so they would stop working even if they failed to melt.

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 1

I wonder how much of the probe is still left. Is it like a puddle of goop still or merely a stain on the ground?

11 years ago | Likes 7 Dislikes 0

Considering how geologically active Venus is, it's very possible it's covered under new land

11 years ago | Likes 6 Dislikes 0

Didn't the extreme heat get to it first?

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

It was a combination of both. The extremely high levels of sulfuric acid eat through the heated and more pliable metal

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

Most of the probes melted from the inside out rather then outside in, due to that they were still using old style transistors.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

We should put money into building one that can withstand it for a day.

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

Then you have to get this hilariously overbuilt probe into orbit.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Isn't that the point? Are you telling me real life isn't like Kerbal Space Program?

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

We might as well just drop a chunk of platinum onto the planet instead. It would be cheaper.

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 1

Cosmos has a few good sequences on the Venera landers.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Oddly enough, I have never watched that show. Strange, considering how interested I am in Space.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

It's seriously amazing. I avoided watching it for a long time because I am an astrophysics PhD student and I thought it would disappoint me.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

If that's true then how do they have the probe in the first picture? Or is that a picture before that launched it?

11 years ago | Likes 6 Dislikes 4

While they were assembling it

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

Nah, that's a picture from the NASA warehouse on venus.

11 years ago | Likes 10 Dislikes 0

In all seriousness though, it would be super hard to bring a spacecraft back to earth after such a mission, and way too expensive.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

NASA is known for creepy wall pictures of Lennon.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

But Russia launched the venera probes...

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

yea. to visit nasa on the venus.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

you're very close to the correct answer, try thinking just a little bit harder and you'll get it ;)

11 years ago | Likes 14 Dislikes 0

I've been up for the past 27 hours... too tired to think.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Don't forget the time when one of the probes had a soil sampler on board, which ended up probing the ejected lens cap of one of the cameras

11 years ago | Likes 72 Dislikes 0

That blows.

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

I edited that in (I can mention you if you like)

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

I've never heard that before. Honestly, what are the fucking odds?

11 years ago | Likes 11 Dislikes 0

Talk about bad luck...

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

The more I learn about spaceflight, the more I find that Murphy's Law reigns unchallenged in space.

11 years ago | Likes 38 Dislikes 0

When I build something myself its iterative. Build, test, then fix. In spaceflight, things have to work the first time.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Obviously NASA tests its probes before they fly them, but I mean the first real-life shakedown they have is when they're used for real.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Venus tries very hard to fuck over anyone who attempts to probe or land it. What are they hiding?

11 years ago | Likes 8 Dislikes 0

oil

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

It also rains acid.

11 years ago | Likes 169 Dislikes 1

Like at this club I was at and I asked this woman if she wanted to discotheque and she said there was no way.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Sounds like a Hendrix song

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

mmmm acid

11 years ago | Likes 19 Dislikes 1

In the scientific community, we regard these planets as "totally fucking metal"

11 years ago | Likes 9 Dislikes 0

And it never touches the surface - it forms, falls down, and evaporates 20km or so above the surface.

11 years ago | Likes 54 Dislikes 0

Colonization: hard mode.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

There is also constant lightning that cannot reach the ground due to the sheer resistance of the air.

11 years ago | Likes 9 Dislikes 0

That moment when your lava planet tries to rain pure acid on you but it speed boils 13 miles up because it's so hot.

11 years ago | Likes 41 Dislikes 0

Not just the heat- a combo of heat and insane pressure. Sulfuric acid forms in the upper atmo, falls, and gets boiled off

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

Also Venus isn't really a lava planet; It's active but most of the heat comes from the greenhouse effect of its cloud cover - possibly (1/2)

11 years ago | Likes 7 Dislikes 0

(2/2) from past volcanic activity. Ironically this perma-heat is also what 'cooled down' its own volcanic activity due to less heat diff

11 years ago | Likes 7 Dislikes 0

"come at me bro"

11 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

We choose to go to Venus not because it is easy, but because it is hard. Apparently, really, really, fucking hard.

11 years ago | Likes 422 Dislikes 0

apparently it wouldnt be to difficult to set up a floating airbase in the atmosphere that could support a human crew

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

Yeah something like 20 miles up it's 70 degrees and 1 ATM pressure and O2 is a lifting gas.

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

I read this in JFK's voice. I chortled.

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

Vote Quimby!

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 1

Yeah, We have no idea how to make anything that will survive a useful amount of time on Venus. Mars is a cakewalk by comparison.

11 years ago | Likes 7 Dislikes 0

its the final countdown

11 years ago | Likes 9 Dislikes 0

*keyboard riff*

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

That's not the only thing ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)

11 years ago | Likes 77 Dislikes 4

Space travel makes you horny??

11 years ago | Likes 9 Dislikes 0

11 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Is it really that much slower in space?

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

should it not?

11 years ago | Likes 6 Dislikes 0

Hell yeah

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Shut up, nerd

11 years ago | Likes 40 Dislikes 2

(cant find a bigger version that is still a gif ˢᵒʳʳʸ)

11 years ago | Likes 18 Dislikes 1

"We're going to mars." "Why?" "THE FUCK YOU MEAN WHY? SPACE AND SHIT. HIGH FOCUS ON SPACE NIGGA!"

11 years ago | Likes 40 Dislikes 1

My only issue is its a dead rock in a gravity well. Asteroid capture missions ftw. Resources > infrastructure > civvie spaceflight

11 years ago | Likes 7 Dislikes 0

We're going to learn with all certainty that it's a dead rock.

11 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

with water here and there, occasionally

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 1

I may be nuts but the engineering challenge of the Venusian surface is really interesting to me.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Oh man, can you imagine the weird physics that must be going on there? My personal love is Jupiter, I wanna see below the cloud decks

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Agreed. :D

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

I firmly believe that if/when it becomes a civilian business is when we will actually make major progress in that field.

11 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

Indeed. I'm watching various deep space mining companies with great interest.

11 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0